maoxuan-skill-cognitive-framework
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Chinese毛选.skill — Mao's Cognitive Framework for Strategic Analysis
毛选.skill — 用于战略分析的毛泽东认知框架
Skill by ara.so — Daily 2026 Skills collection.
A Claude Code skill that distills the core mental models from 《毛泽东选集》 (Selected Works of Mao Zedong) into an operational cognitive framework. Not a quote repeater — applies his analytical methods to your actual problems: startup vs. big corp, team conflicts, resource allocation, competitive strategy, career pivots.
7 core mental models · 10 decision heuristics · Full expression DNA
由ara.so开发的Skill — 属于Daily 2026 Skills系列。
这是一款Claude Code Skill,它将《毛泽东选集》中的核心思维模型提炼为可落地的认知框架。它并非简单引用语录,而是将这些分析方法应用到你的实际问题中:创业公司对阵大企业、团队冲突、资源分配、竞争策略、职业转型等。
7个核心思维模型 · 10条决策启发 · 完整表达逻辑
Installation
安装
bash
undefinedbash
undefinedInstall via skills CLI
通过skills CLI安装
npx skills add leezythu/maoxuan-skill
npx skills add leezythu/maoxuan-skill
Or clone directly
或直接克隆仓库
After installation, trigger in Claude Code with any of:
毛选
教员
用毛选的方式分析
从毛选的角度
教员怎么看
用毛选框架
---
安装完成后,在Claude Code中使用以下任一指令触发:
毛选
教员
用毛选的方式分析
从毛选的角度
教员怎么看
用毛选框架
---What the Skill Does
Skill功能
The skill loads into your AI agent's context, giving it:
SKILL.md- 7 Mental Models — operational frameworks extracted from core writings
- 10 Decision Heuristics — concrete rules for ambiguous situations
- Expression DNA — the rhetorical style (direct address, historical analogy, dialectical structure)
- Honest Boundaries — what it can and cannot do
The agent does NOT roleplay as Mao. It uses his analytical frameworks to examine your problem.
该Skill会将加载到AI Agent的上下文环境中,使其具备:
SKILL.md- 7个思维模型 — 从核心著作中提取的可操作框架
- 10条决策启发 — 针对模糊场景的具体规则
- 表达逻辑 — 独特的修辞风格(直接对话、历史类比、辩证结构)
- 明确边界 — 清晰界定能做与不能做的事
Agent不会扮演毛泽东的角色,而是运用他的分析框架来审视你的问题。
Repository Structure
仓库结构
maoxuan-skill/
├── SKILL.md # Core skill file loaded by agent
├── README.md
├── LICENSE # MIT
└── references/
└── research/
├── 01-core-writings.md # Distilled core texts
├── 02-strategic-thinking.md # Strategic thinking analysis
├── 03-expression-dna.md # Expression style DNA
├── 04-external-views.md # External perspectives
├── 05-decisions.md # Key decision analysis
└── 06-timeline.md # Timeline referencemaoxuan-skill/
├── SKILL.md # Agent加载的核心Skill文件
├── README.md
├── LICENSE # MIT协议
└── references/
└── research/
├── 01-core-writings.md # 提炼后的核心文本
├── 02-strategic-thinking.md # 战略思维分析
├── 03-expression-dna.md # 表达风格逻辑
├── 04-external-views.md # 外部视角
├── 05-decisions.md # 关键决策分析
└── 06-timeline.md # 时间线参考The 7 Core Mental Models
7个核心思维模型
1. 矛盾分析法 — Contradiction Analysis
1. 矛盾分析法 — Contradiction Analysis
Source: 《矛盾论》 (On Contradiction)
Find the principal contradiction among all contradictions. Resolving it moves everything else.
Problem has N issues → identify the ONE that, if resolved, unlocks the others
Don't fight symptoms → fight the root contradiction
Principal aspect vs. secondary aspect within each contradictionApplication pattern:
User problem → List all tensions/conflicts
→ Identify principal contradiction (usually ≠ stated problem)
→ Focus all resources on principal contradiction
→ Secondary contradictions resolve or become manageable来源: 《矛盾论》 (On Contradiction)
找出所有矛盾中的主要矛盾。解决它就能推动其他问题的解决。
问题包含N个事项 → 识别出那个解决后能带动其他问题的核心矛盾
不要治标 → 要治本
区分每个矛盾中的主要方面与次要方面应用模式:
用户问题 → 列出所有矛盾/冲突
→ 识别主要矛盾(通常≠表面问题)
→ 将所有资源集中在主要矛盾上
→ 次要矛盾会自行解决或变得可控2. 实践认识循环 — Practice-Cognition Loop
2. 实践认识循环 — Practice-Cognition Loop
Source: 《实践论》 (On Practice)
没有调查就没有发言权
No investigation, no right to speak.
Loop: Practice → Perception → Conception → Practice (verify) → repeatApplication pattern:
Don't theorize without data → go investigate first
Hypothesis → smallest possible test → update model → next test
Never skip the "go talk to real users/customers" step来源: 《实践论》 (On Practice)
没有调查就没有发言权
No investigation, no right to speak.
循环:实践 → 感知 → 概念 → 实践(验证)→ 重复应用模式:
没有数据不要空谈理论 → 先去调研
假设 → 最小化测试 → 更新模型 → 下一轮测试
永远不要跳过「与真实用户/客户沟通」的步骤3. 持久战略 — Protracted War Strategy
3. 持久战略 — Protracted War Strategy
Source: 《论持久战》 (On Protracted War)
Three phases when you're the weaker party:
Phase 1: Strategic defensive — preserve strength, avoid decisive battles you'll lose
Phase 2: Strategic stalemate — attrit the enemy, build your base
Phase 3: Strategic offensive — counterattack from position of strengthApplication pattern:
Early startup: don't fight big corp head-on (Phase 1)
Growing startup: find your niche, deepen it, build defensible moat (Phase 2)
Established player: expand from stronghold (Phase 3)来源: 《论持久战》 (On Protracted War)
弱势方的三个阶段:
阶段1:战略防御 — 保存实力,避免必败的决战
阶段2:战略相持 — 消耗对手,建立自身根基
阶段3:战略反攻 — 从优势地位发起反击应用模式:
早期创业公司:不要与大企业正面交锋(阶段1)
成长期创业公司:找到细分领域,深耕并建立防御壁垒(阶段2)
成熟企业:从优势阵地向外扩张(阶段3)4. 农村包围城市 — Rural Encirclement of Cities
4. 农村包围城市 — Rural Encirclement of Cities
Source: 《星星之火,可以燎原》 (A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire)
Don't attack the enemy's strongest point
Find underserved edges the dominant player ignores
Build an unassailable base there
Expand concentrically until you can challenge the centerApplication pattern:
Big corp's weakness: can't focus deeply on any single niche
Your advantage: you can go 10x deeper in ONE narrow segment
Win that segment completely → expand to adjacent segment → repeat来源: 《星星之火,可以燎原》 (A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire)
不要攻击敌人的最强点
找到主导玩家忽略的未被满足的边缘市场
在那里建立牢不可破的根基
逐步向外扩张,直到有能力挑战核心市场应用模式:
大企业的弱点:无法深入聚焦任何单一细分领域
你的优势:可以在一个狭窄领域做到10倍深耕
完全拿下该细分领域 → 扩展到相邻领域 → 重复此过程5. 统一战线 — United Front
5. 统一战线 — United Front
Source: 《中国社会各阶级的分析》
把朋友搞得多多的,把敌人搞得少少的
Maximize allies, minimize enemies.
Distinguish: Who is the real enemy? Who is a potential ally even if uncomfortable?
Don't make enemies unnecessarily
Isolate the primary enemy by uniting everyone elseApplication pattern:
Team conflict → reframe: shared enemy = market/competition
→ both factions are allies against the real enemy
→ 团结—批评—团结 (Unity → Criticism → Unity)来源: 《中国社会各阶级的分析》
把朋友搞得多多的,把敌人搞得少少的
Maximize allies, minimize enemies.
区分:谁是真正的敌人?谁是潜在盟友,哪怕相处起来不舒服?
不要树敌过多
通过团结其他所有力量来孤立主要敌人应用模式:
团队冲突 → 重新定义:共同的敌人=市场/竞争对手
→ 双方都是对抗真正敌人的盟友
→ 团结—批评—团结 (Unity → Criticism → Unity)6. 群众路线 — Mass Line
6. 群众路线 — Mass Line
Source: 《关于领导方法的若干问题》
从群众中来,到群众中去
From the masses, to the masses.
Gather scattered ideas from users/team
Synthesize into coherent direction
Return to users/team as clear guidance
Verify in practice → iterateApplication pattern:
Product decisions: talk to 20 users → find patterns → build → ship → repeat
Management: don't dictate → listen → synthesize → align → execute来源: 《关于领导方法的若干问题》
从群众中来,到群众中去
From the masses, to the masses.
收集用户/团队的零散想法
整合成清晰的方向
将明确的指导反馈给用户/团队
在实践中验证 → 迭代优化应用模式:
产品决策:与20位用户沟通 → 发现规律 → 开发 → 发布 → 重复
管理:不要独裁 → 倾听 → 整合 → 对齐 → 执行7. 纸老虎论 — Paper Tiger Theory
7. 纸老虎论 — Paper Tiger Theory
战略上藐视敌人,战术上重视敌人
Strategically: the enemy is a paper tiger (don't be paralyzed by their size)
Tactically: take them seriously in every specific engagement
Big corp LOOKS invincible → actually has massive structural weaknesses
You LOOK tiny → actually have massive agility advantages战略上藐视敌人,战术上重视敌人
Strategically: the enemy is a paper tiger (不要被其规模吓倒)
Tactically: 在每一次具体交锋中都认真对待对手
大企业看起来不可战胜 → 实际上存在大量结构性弱点
你看起来体量微小 → 实际上拥有巨大的敏捷优势10 Decision Heuristics
10条决策启发
| Heuristic | When to Apply |
|---|---|
| 没有调查就没有发言权 | Before any major decision — go gather data first |
| 抓主要矛盾 | When overwhelmed by multiple problems |
| 星星之火,可以燎原 | When tempted to scale before the core is solid |
| 一分为二看问题 | When analysis seems one-sided |
| 不打无准备之仗 | Before launching any initiative |
| 自力更生为主,争取外援为辅 | Resource allocation decisions |
| 集中优势兵力,各个歼灭 | When to concentrate vs. spread resources |
| 在战略上藐视,在战术上重视 | Facing intimidating competition |
| 从群众中来,到群众中去 | Product/org decisions lacking user grounding |
| 把朋友搞得多多的,把敌人搞得少少的 | Stakeholder and coalition decisions |
| 启发原则 | 适用场景 |
|---|---|
| 没有调查就没有发言权 | 任何重大决策前 — 先收集数据 |
| 抓主要矛盾 | 被多个问题困扰时 |
| 星星之火,可以燎原 | 想要在核心业务稳固前扩张时 |
| 一分为二看问题 | 分析看起来片面时 |
| 不打无准备之仗 | 启动任何计划前 |
| 自力更生为主,争取外援为辅 | 资源分配决策时 |
| 集中优势兵力,各个歼灭 | 决定集中还是分散资源时 |
| 在战略上藐视,在战术上重视 | 面对强大竞争对手时 |
| 从群众中来,到群众中去 | 产品/组织决策缺乏用户基础时 |
| 把朋友搞得多多的,把敌人搞得少少的 | 利益相关者和联盟决策时 |
Usage Patterns
使用模式
Pattern 1: Competitive Strategy Analysis
模式1:竞争策略分析
Trigger: 毛选
Problem: We're a 10-person startup. Google just shipped a product
that does what we do.
Framework applied:
→ 纸老虎论: Google's size = paper tiger. They have 1000 priorities.
You have 1.
→ 农村包围城市: Don't fight Google's product. Find the vertical
they'll never care about. Go 10x deeper there.
→ 持久战略 Phase 1: Don't go head-to-head. Survive, build base.
→ 矛盾分析: Principal contradiction = you haven't found your
unassailable niche yet. That's the ONE thing to solve.触发指令: 毛选
问题: 我们是一家10人规模的创业公司,谷歌刚刚发布了一款和我们功能相同的产品。
应用的框架:
→ 纸老虎论: 谷歌的规模=纸老虎。他们有1000个优先级,而你只有1个。
→ 农村包围城市: 不要和谷歌的产品正面竞争。找到他们绝不会关注的垂直领域,在那里做到10倍深耕。
→ 持久战略阶段1: 不要正面交锋,先存活下来,建立根基。
→ 矛盾分析: 主要矛盾=你还没有找到自己牢不可破的细分领域。这是你需要解决的核心问题。Pattern 2: Team Conflict Resolution
模式2:团队冲突解决
Trigger: 教员怎么看
Problem: Two tech leads hate each other. Team is split.
Shipping has stopped.
Framework applied:
→ 矛盾分析: Principal contradiction = missed deadlines/market window.
Their conflict = secondary contradiction.
→ 统一战线: They are NOT enemies of each other. Market is the enemy.
Unite them against the real enemy.
→ 团结—批评—团结:
Step 1: Establish shared goal (the "抗日" = shipping Q3)
Step 2: Honest criticism session — facts on the table
Step 3: Return to unity around shared goal触发指令: 教员怎么看
问题: 两位技术主管互相敌视,团队分裂,产品交付停滞。
应用的框架:
→ 矛盾分析: 主要矛盾=错过交付期限/市场窗口。他们的冲突是次要矛盾。
→ 统一战线: 他们不是彼此的敌人,市场才是敌人。团结他们对抗真正的敌人。
→ 团结—批评—团结:
步骤1: 确立共同目标(相当于「抗日」=完成Q3交付)
步骤2: 坦诚的批评会议 — 摆事实讲道理
步骤3: 围绕共同目标重新团结Pattern 3: Career/Pivot Decisions
模式3:职业/转型决策
Trigger: 用毛选的方式分析
Problem: Backend engineer, 5 years experience,
wants to enter AI but feels outgunned.
Framework applied:
→ 纸老虎论: "AI market is saturated" = paper tiger.
Most people are doing surface-level work.
→ 根据地思维: Your backend experience IS your base.
AI engineers don't have it.
→ 实践认识循环: Before strategizing — investigate.
What are the actual bottlenecks to AI adoption
in your industry? (hint: usually not the model)
→ 农村包围城市: Don't compete on algorithms.
Own the "AI + [your industry]" niche.触发指令: 用毛选的方式分析
问题: 我是一名有5年经验的后端工程师,想要进入AI领域,但感觉自己实力不足。
应用的框架:
→ 纸老虎论: 「AI市场饱和」=纸老虎。大多数人都在做表面工作。
→ 根据地思维: 你的后端经验就是你的根基,AI工程师没有这个优势。
→ 实践认识循环: 在制定策略前 — 先调研。你所在行业AI落地的实际瓶颈是什么?(提示:通常不是模型本身)
→ 农村包围城市: 不要在算法上竞争,占据「AI + [你的行业]」的细分领域。Pattern 4: Resource Allocation
模式4:资源分配
Trigger: 毛选
Problem: 3 possible product directions, resources for 1.
Framework applied:
→ 矛盾分析: Which direction resolves the PRINCIPAL contradiction
(survival/growth)?
→ 集中优势兵力: Don't spread. Concentrate everything on ONE.
→ 持久战略: Which direction gives you a defensible base
to expand from later?
→ 没有调查就没有发言权: Have you actually talked to users
in each direction? Do that first.触发指令: 毛选
问题: 有3个可能的产品方向,但资源只够支持1个。
应用的框架:
→ 矛盾分析: 哪个方向能解决核心矛盾(生存/增长)?
→ 集中优势兵力: 不要分散资源,把所有资源集中在一个方向上。
→ 持久战略: 哪个方向能为你提供可防御的根基,以便后续扩张?
→ 没有调查就没有发言权: 你是否真的和每个方向的用户沟通过?先去做这件事。Expression Style (What the Skill Sounds Like)
表达风格(Skill的输出特点)
The framework uses a distinctive rhetorical structure:
1. Direct address: "同志" / "你这个问题..."
2. Historical grounding: brief concrete analogy (not lecture)
3. Problem reframe: "你以为主要矛盾是X,其实是Y"
4. Framework application: named model + your specific situation
5. Concrete next action: specific, not vague
6. Closing formulation: aphorism tied to the analysisIt does NOT:
- Lecture on history at length
- Repeat quotes without applying them
- Give generic motivational content
- Avoid naming the hard thing
该框架采用独特的修辞结构:
1. 直接对话: "同志" / "你这个问题..."
2. 历史关联: 简短的具体类比(不是说教)
3. 问题重构: "你以为主要矛盾是X,其实是Y"
4. 框架应用: 明确命名模型+你的具体场景
5. 具体行动建议: 明确而非模糊
6. 总结表述: 与分析相关的格言它不会:
- 长篇大论地讲历史
- 不加应用地引用语录
- 给出通用的励志内容
- 回避尖锐问题
Skill Compatibility
Skill兼容性
| Agent | Compatible |
|---|---|
| Claude Code | ✅ Primary target |
| Cursor | ✅ via SKILL.md in context |
| Codex | ✅ |
| skills.sh | ✅ |
bash
undefined| Agent | 是否兼容 |
|---|---|
| Claude Code | ✅ 主要适配对象 |
| Cursor | ✅ 通过上下文加载SKILL.md实现 |
| Codex | ✅ |
| skills.sh | ✅ |
bash
undefinedVerify skill is loaded
验证Skill是否加载成功
npx skills list
npx skills list
Should show: maoxuan-skill-cognitive-framework
应显示: maoxuan-skill-cognitive-framework
---
---Honest Boundaries
明确边界
What the skill can do:
- Apply contradiction analysis to decompose complex problems
- Use protracted war / rural encirclement for competitive strategy
- Apply mass line thinking to product and org decisions
- Use united front logic for stakeholder/coalition mapping
- Provide dialectical (一分为二) analysis that avoids one-sidedness
What it cannot do:
| Limitation | Reason |
|---|---|
| Replace actual domain expertise | Framework ≠ knowledge of your specific market |
| Generate specific execution plans | Provides analytical structure, not implementation |
| Poetry / literary creation | Style is extractable, literary genius is not |
| Historical evaluation | Skill focuses on methodology, not historical judgment |
| Guarantee outcomes | Analysis improves decisions, doesn't determine results |
Skill能做的事:
- 运用矛盾分析法拆解复杂问题
- 用持久战/农村包围城市框架制定竞争策略
- 将群众路线思维应用到产品和组织决策中
- 用统一战线逻辑梳理利益相关者/联盟关系
- 提供辩证(一分为二)分析,避免片面性
Skill不能做的事:
| 局限性 | 原因 |
|---|---|
| 替代实际领域专业知识 | 框架≠对你所在特定市场的了解 |
| 生成具体执行计划 | 提供分析结构,而非实施方案 |
| 诗歌/文学创作 | 可提取风格,但无法复制文学天赋 |
| 历史评价 | Skill聚焦方法论,而非历史评判 |
| 保证结果 | 分析能优化决策,但无法决定结果 |
Why This Framework for Technical/Startup Problems
为什么用这个框架解决技术/创业问题
Most business frameworks assume you have resources. This one was built for the opposite:
| Framework | Starting conditions |
|---|---|
| Jobs/Apple | Talent + capital + distribution |
| Musk/Tesla | Capital + regulatory navigation |
| Munger/Berkshire | Information asymmetry + long time horizon |
| 毛选 | Extreme resource disadvantage vs. vastly stronger opponent |
If you're a small team facing a large competitor, a junior person navigating a large org, or a founder with limited runway — this framework was literally built for your situation.
大多数商业框架假设你拥有充足资源,而这个框架恰恰是为资源匮乏的场景打造的:
| 框架 | 初始条件 |
|---|---|
| Jobs/Apple | 人才+资本+渠道 |
| Musk/Tesla | 资本+监管能力 |
| Munger/Berkshire | 信息差+长期视野 |
| 毛选 | 资源极度匮乏,面对远超自身的强大对手 |
如果你是面对大企业的小团队、在大公司中打拼的职场新人,或是资金有限的创业者——这个框架就是为你的场景量身打造的。
Contributing
贡献指南
bash
git clone https://github.com/leezythu/maoxuan-skill.git
cd maoxuan-skillbash
git clone https://github.com/leezythu/maoxuan-skill.git
cd maoxuan-skillCore skill file
核心Skill文件
vim SKILL.md
vim SKILL.md
Research references
研究参考资料
vim references/research/01-core-writings.md
PRs welcome for: additional mental model documentation, new application patterns, corrections to framework distillation.
---vim references/research/01-core-writings.md
欢迎提交PR:补充思维模型文档、新增应用模式、修正框架提炼内容。
---License
许可证
MIT — use freely, modify freely, build on it freely.
语录告诉你他说过什么。毛选.skill 帮你用他的方式看你的问题。
星星之火,可以燎原。
MIT — 自由使用、自由修改、自由基于其开发新内容。
语录告诉你他说过什么。毛选.skill 帮你用他的方式看你的问题。
星星之火,可以燎原。