Loading...

Back to Details

texturing

Compare original and translation side by side

🇺🇸

Original

English

🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

Texturing

纹理制作

UV Mapping Techniques

UV映射技巧

UV Basics

UV基础

UV Coordinates: 2D coordinates mapping 3D geometry to 2D texture space
UV Unwrapping: Process of flattening 3D geometry into 2D space
UV Seams: Cuts in UV layout to enable flattening
UV Islands: Connected groups of UV faces
UV Density: Consistency of texel density across model
UV Space: 0-1 coordinate space for UV mapping

UV坐标：将3D几何体映射到2D纹理空间的二维坐标
UV展开：将3D几何体展平为2D空间的过程
UV接缝：UV布局中为实现展平而设置的切割线
UV岛：相互连接的UV面群组
UV密度：模型表面纹理像素密度的一致性
UV空间：UV映射使用的0-1坐标空间

UV Unwrapping Methods

UV展开方法

Automatic Unwrapping: Algorithmic UV generation
Manual Unwrapping: Manual seam placement and unfolding
Projection Mapping: Project UVs from different views
Cylindrical Mapping: Wrap UVs around cylinder
Spherical Mapping: Wrap UVs around sphere
Box Mapping: Project UVs from 6 directions

自动展开：通过算法生成UV
手动展开：手动设置接缝并展平几何体
投影映射：从不同视角投影UV
圆柱映射：将UV包裹在圆柱表面
球形映射：将UV包裹在球体表面
盒式映射：从6个方向投影UV

UV Best Practices

UV最佳实践

Minimize Distortion: Reduce stretching and compression
Seam Placement: Place seams in less visible areas
UV Density: Maintain consistent texel density
UV Packing: Pack UV islands efficiently
Multiple UV Sets: Create additional UV sets for lightmaps, baking
UV Organization: Organize UVs logically for texture painting

最小化畸变：减少拉伸和压缩
接缝放置：将接缝放在不太显眼的区域
UV密度：保持纹理像素密度一致
UV打包：高效排列UV岛
多UV集：为光照贴图、烘焙创建额外的UV集
UV整理：合理组织UV以便纹理绘制

Texture Painting Workflows

纹理绘制工作流

Texture Painting Tools

纹理绘制工具

Brush Tools: Paint, airbrush, smudge, blur
Stencils: Use stencils for precise painting
Clone Tool: Clone texture from one area to another
Fill Tool: Fill areas with color or pattern
Masking: Mask areas to protect from painting
Layers: Use layers for non-destructive painting

笔刷工具：绘画、喷枪、涂抹、模糊
模板：使用模板进行精准绘制
克隆工具：将纹理从一个区域克隆到另一个区域
填充工具：用颜色或图案填充区域
遮罩：遮罩区域以避免被绘制
图层：使用图层实现非破坏性绘制

Texture Types

纹理类型

Base Color: Main color of the surface
Normal Map: Surface detail and depth
Roughness Map: Surface roughness for PBR
Metallic Map: Metallic vs non-metallic surfaces
Ambient Occlusion (AO): Self-shadowing and contact shadows
Emission Map: Emissive/glowing areas
Height/Displacement Map: Actual geometric displacement

基础色图：表面的主颜色
法线图：表现表面细节和深度
粗糙度图：PBR工作流中用于定义表面粗糙度
金属度图：区分金属与非金属表面
环境光遮蔽（AO）图：表现自阴影和接触阴影
发光图：定义发光/发亮区域
高度/置换图：实现实际的几何体置换

Texture Painting Techniques

纹理绘制技巧

Hand Painting: Paint textures by hand
Photo Bashing: Combine photos for textures
Procedural Generation: Generate textures procedurally
Baking: Bake high-poly detail to textures
Texture Projection: Project textures onto model
Texture Synthesis: Generate textures from samples

手绘纹理：手动绘制纹理
照片拼接：结合照片制作纹理
程序化生成：程序化生成纹理
烘焙：将高模细节烘焙到纹理中
纹理投影：将纹理投影到模型上
纹理合成：从样本生成纹理

PBR (Physically Based Rendering) Materials

PBR（基于物理的渲染）材质

PBR Fundamentals

PBR基础

Physically Based: Based on real-world physics
Energy Conservation: Light energy is conserved
Microsurface Theory: Surfaces have microscopic roughness
Fresnel Effect: Reflectivity varies with viewing angle
Metallic Workflow: Metallic vs non-metallic surfaces
Specular Workflow: Separate specular map

基于物理：基于真实世界物理规律
能量守恒：光线能量保持守恒
微表面理论：表面存在微观粗糙度
菲涅尔效应：反射率随视角变化
金属工作流：区分金属与非金属表面
高光工作流：使用单独的高光图

PBR Texture Maps

PBR纹理图

Albedo/Diffuse: Base color without lighting
Normal: Surface normal for lighting calculation
Roughness: Surface roughness for specular reflection
Metallic: Metallic vs non-metallic surface
Ambient Occlusion: Self-shadowing and contact shadows
Emission: Emissive/glowing areas

反照率/漫反射图：不含光照信息的基础色
法线图：用于光照计算的表面法线
粗糙度图：定义表面粗糙度以影响高光反射
金属度图：区分金属与非金属表面
环境光遮蔽（AO）图：表现自阴影和接触阴影
发光图：定义发光区域

PBR Material Properties

PBR材质属性

Albedo: Base color of the surface
Roughness: How rough or smooth the surface is
Metallic: Whether the surface is metallic
Normal: Surface detail and orientation
Emission: Whether the surface emits light
Opacity: Whether the surface is transparent

反照率：表面的基础颜色
粗糙度：表面的粗糙或光滑程度
金属度：表面是否为金属材质
法线：表面细节与朝向
发光：表面是否发光
不透明度：表面是否透明

Substance Painter and Designer Workflows

Substance Painter与Designer工作流

Substance Painter

Substance Painter

Texture Painting: Paint textures in 3D space
Smart Materials: Procedural materials with smart masks
Layer Stack: Non-destructive layer system
Baking: Bake high-poly detail to textures
Atlas Generation: Combine multiple textures into single atlas
Export: Export to various formats and engines

纹理绘制：在3D空间中绘制纹理
智能材质：带有智能遮罩的程序化材质
图层堆栈：非破坏性图层系统
烘焙：将高模细节烘焙到纹理中
图集生成：将多个纹理合并为单个图集
导出：导出为多种格式以适配不同引擎

Substance Designer

Substance Designer

Node-Based: Create materials with node graph
Procedural: Generate textures procedurally
Filters: Apply filters to textures
Gradients: Create gradients for materials
Pattern Generators: Generate patterns for textures
Export: Export to various formats and engines

基于节点：通过节点图创建材质
程序化：程序化生成纹理
滤镜：对纹理应用滤镜效果
渐变：为材质创建渐变效果
图案生成器：为纹理生成图案
导出：导出为多种格式以适配不同引擎

Substance Best Practices

Substance最佳实践

Non-Destructive: Use layers and masks for non-destructive workflow
Smart Materials: Use smart materials for efficiency
Baking: Bake high-poly detail for quality
Organization: Organize layers and materials logically
Export Settings: Configure export settings for target engine
Performance: Optimize textures for performance

非破坏性工作流：使用图层和遮罩实现非破坏性操作
智能材质：使用智能材质提升效率
烘焙细节：烘焙高模细节以保证质量
合理组织：逻辑化组织图层与材质
导出设置：针对目标引擎配置导出参数
性能优化：优化纹理以提升性能

Shader Basics and Node Graphs

着色器基础与节点图

Shader Fundamentals

着色器基础

Shaders: Programs that determine how surfaces are rendered
Vertex Shaders: Process vertices and pass data to fragment shaders
Fragment Shaders: Process fragments (pixels) and determine color
Shader Properties: Exposed parameters for artists
Shader Inputs: Textures, colors, values
Shader Outputs: Final color and other outputs

着色器（Shaders）：决定表面渲染方式的程序
顶点着色器：处理顶点并将数据传递给片元着色器
片元着色器：处理片元（像素）并确定颜色
着色器属性：向美术人员开放的可调参数
着色器输入：纹理、颜色、数值等
着色器输出：最终颜色及其他输出结果

Node Graph Shaders

节点图着色器

Node-Based: Create shaders visually with nodes
Nodes: Individual operations in shader graph
Connections: Connect nodes to create shader logic
Inputs: Inputs to nodes (textures, colors, values)
Outputs: Outputs from nodes (colors, values)
Sub-Graphs: Reusable shader logic

基于节点：通过可视化节点创建着色器
节点：着色器图中的独立操作单元
连接：连接节点以构建着色器逻辑
输入：节点的输入内容（纹理、颜色、数值）
输出：节点的输出结果（颜色、数值）
子图：可复用的着色器逻辑模块

Common Shader Nodes

常见着色器节点

Texture Sample: Sample texture at UV coordinates
Math Nodes: Mathematical operations
Color Nodes: Color operations
Vector Nodes: Vector operations
Lerp: Linear interpolation between values
Fresnel: Fresnel effect based on viewing angle

纹理采样：在UV坐标处采样纹理
数学节点：执行数学运算
颜色节点：执行颜色操作
向量节点：执行向量运算
线性插值（Lerp）：在两个值之间进行线性插值
菲涅尔（Fresnel）：基于视角实现菲涅尔效应

Texture Atlasing and Optimization

纹理图集与优化

Texture Atlasing

纹理图集

Atlas Generation: Combine multiple textures into single atlas
UV Packing: Pack UVs efficiently in atlas
Texture Channels: Pack multiple maps into single texture channels
Mipmaps: Generate mipmaps for distance rendering
Texture Arrays: Use texture arrays for multiple textures

图集生成：将多个纹理合并为单个图集
UV打包：在图集中高效排列UV
纹理通道：将多张图打包到单个纹理的不同通道中
Mipmap：生成多级渐远纹理以适配远距离渲染
纹理数组：使用纹理数组管理多个纹理

Texture Optimization

纹理优化

Resolution: Reduce texture resolution where appropriate
Format: Use efficient texture formats (ASTC, ETC2, BC7)
Compression: Apply texture compression
Mipmaps: Generate mipmaps for distance rendering
Texture Streaming: Stream textures based on distance
Texture Budget: Manage texture memory budget

分辨率：在合适的区域降低纹理分辨率
格式：使用高效的纹理格式（ASTC、ETC2、BC7）
压缩：应用纹理压缩
Mipmap：生成多级渐远纹理以适配远距离渲染
纹理流送：根据距离动态加载纹理
纹理预算：管理纹理内存预算

Platform-Specific Optimization

平台专属优化

Mobile: Lower resolution, simpler formats
Console: Medium optimization, balance quality and performance
PC: Higher quality, more complex textures
VR: High frame rate priority, reduced complexity
Web: Efficient formats, progressive loading

移动平台：更低分辨率、更简洁的格式
主机平台：中等优化，平衡画质与性能
PC平台：更高画质、更复杂的纹理
VR平台：优先保证高帧率，降低复杂度
Web平台：使用高效格式，支持渐进式加载

Texture Export and Integration

纹理导出与集成

Export Formats

导出格式

PNG: Lossless compression, good for UI and transparency
JPG: Lossy compression, good for photos
TGA: Uncompressed, good for intermediate files
PSD: Photoshop format, good for editing
EXR: High dynamic range, good for baking

PNG：无损压缩，适用于UI及透明纹理
JPG：有损压缩，适用于照片类纹理
TGA：无压缩，适用于中间文件
PSD：Photoshop格式，适用于编辑
EXR：高动态范围，适用于烘焙

Export Settings

导出设置

Resolution: Set appropriate resolution
Color Space: Set correct color space (sRGB, Linear)
Alpha Channel: Include or exclude alpha channel
Mipmaps: Generate or exclude mipmaps
Compression: Apply or exclude compression

分辨率：设置合适的分辨率
色彩空间：设置正确的色彩空间（sRGB、Linear）
Alpha通道：包含或排除Alpha通道
Mipmap：生成或排除多级渐远纹理
压缩：应用或排除纹理压缩

Integration

集成

Unity: Import textures, set import settings, assign to materials
Unreal: Import textures, set import settings, assign to materials
Godot: Import textures, set import settings, assign to materials
Web: Use Three.js or Babylon.js with textures
Custom: Parse texture data and apply to custom systems

Unity：导入纹理、设置导入参数、分配给材质
Unreal：导入纹理、设置导入参数、分配给材质
Godot：导入纹理、设置导入参数、分配给材质
Web：结合Three.js或Babylon.js使用纹理
自定义系统：解析纹理数据并应用到自定义系统