unity-tilemap-2d

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Unity 2D Tilemap

Unity 2D 瓦片地图

Author and script tile-based 2D levels in Unity 6 with the

Grid

Tilemap

system, the Tile Palette, colliders, and runtime painting. Targets Unity 6 (6000.0 LTS).

Package note: the core Tilemap (
Grid
,
Tilemap
,
Tile
,
TilemapCollider2D
) is built in. Rule Tiles, Animated Tiles, and Tile Palette brushes live in the separate "2D Tilemap Extras" package (
com.unity.2d.tilemap.extras
) — install it via Package Manager before using
RuleTile
.

借助

Grid

Tilemap

系统、Tile Palette、碰撞器和运行时绘制功能，在Unity 6中创作并编写基于瓦片的2D关卡脚本。适配**Unity 6 (6000.0 LTS)**版本。

**包说明：**核心Tilemap功能（
Grid
、
Tilemap
、
Tile
、
TilemapCollider2D
）已内置。Rule Tiles、Animated Tiles和Tile Palette画笔位于独立的"2D Tilemap Extras"包（
com.unity.2d.tilemap.extras
）中——使用
RuleTile
前需通过Package Manager安装该包。

When to use

适用场景

Use when laying out a 2D level by painting tiles, setting up a
```
Grid
```
+
```
Tilemap
```
, adding collision to the map, using auto-tiling Rule Tiles, or generating/editing tiles from script.
Use when scenes contain a
```
Grid
```
with
```
Tilemap
```
children, or
```
*.asset
```
tile/palette files.

When not to use: level design practice (pacing, blockout, layout principles) →

level-design

. 3D tile/grid placement → Unity's own 3D tooling (ProBuilder / grid brushes; no dedicated skill here). The platformer character that moves over the tiles →

platformer

unity-physics

适用于通过绘制瓦片布局2D关卡、设置
```
Grid
```
+
```
Tilemap
```
、为地图添加碰撞、使用自动瓦片的Rule Tiles，或通过脚本生成/编辑瓦片的场景。
适用于场景中包含带有
```
Tilemap
```
子对象的
```
Grid
```
，或存在
```
*.asset
```
瓦片/调色板文件的场景。

**不适用场景：**关卡设计实践（节奏规划、区块搭建、布局原则）→ 参考

level-design

。3D瓦片/网格放置→使用Unity自带的3D工具（ProBuilder/网格画笔；此处无对应专属技能）。在瓦片上移动的平台角色→参考

platformer

unity-physics

。

Core workflow

核心工作流程

Create the grid: GameObject → 2D Object → Tilemap → Rectangular. This makes a
```
Grid
```
with a child
```
Tilemap
```
(+
```
TilemapRenderer
```
). Use one Tilemap per layer (background, ground, foreground) and set each renderer's sorting.
Open the Tile Palette (Window → 2D → Tile Palette), drag in a sliced sprite sheet to create
```
Tile
```
assets, then paint with the brush tools.
Add collision to the solid layer:
```
TilemapCollider2D
```
. For one merged collider (far cheaper and gap-free), also add
```
CompositeCollider2D
```
(+ a
```
Rigidbody2D
```
set to Static) and enable Used By Composite on the tilemap collider.
Auto-tile with Rule Tiles (2D Tilemap Extras) so edges/corners pick the right sprite automatically instead of hand-placing every variant.
Edit at runtime via script with cell coordinates (
```
Vector3Int
```
):
```
SetTile
```
,
```
GetTile
```
,
```
SetTilesBlock
```
, converting world↔cell with the
```
Grid
```
/
```
Tilemap
```
.
Verify in Play mode: confirm collisions (Physics Debugger), sorting order, and that
```
RefreshAllTiles
```
ran after bulk edits.

**创建网格：**依次点击GameObject → 2D Object → Tilemap → Rectangular。这会创建一个带有子对象
```
Tilemap
```
（+
```
TilemapRenderer
```
）的
```
Grid
```
。为每个图层（背景、地面、前景）使用一个Tilemap，并设置每个渲染器的排序层级。
打开Tile Palette（Window → 2D → Tile Palette），拖入切片后的精灵图集以创建
```
Tile
```
资源，然后使用画笔工具进行绘制。
为实体图层添加碰撞：添加
TilemapCollider2D
。若要合并为单个碰撞器（性能更优且无间隙），还需添加
CompositeCollider2D
（+设置为Static的
```
Rigidbody2D
```
），并在瓦片地图碰撞器上启用_Used By Composite_选项。
使用Rule Tiles（2D Tilemap Extras）实现自动瓦片，使边缘/角落自动选择正确的精灵，无需手动放置每个变体。
通过脚本在运行时编辑：使用单元格坐标（
```
Vector3Int
```
）调用
```
SetTile
```
、
```
GetTile
```
、
```
SetTilesBlock
```
方法，通过
```
Grid
```
/
```
Tilemap
```
实现世界坐标与单元格坐标的转换。
在Play模式中验证：确认碰撞（使用Physics Debugger）、排序顺序，以及批量编辑后是否执行了
```
RefreshAllTiles
```
。

Patterns

模式示例

1. Painting tiles at runtime (cell coordinates)

1. 运行时绘制瓦片（单元格坐标）

csharp

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Tilemaps;

public class TilePainter : MonoBehaviour
{
    [SerializeField] private Tilemap tilemap;   // assign the target Tilemap
    [SerializeField] private TileBase groundTile;

    // World position -> cell, then place a tile.
    public void PaintAt(Vector3 worldPos)
    {
        Vector3Int cell = tilemap.WorldToCell(worldPos);
        tilemap.SetTile(cell, groundTile);
    }

    public bool IsSolid(Vector3 worldPos)
        => tilemap.GetTile(tilemap.WorldToCell(worldPos)) != null;
}

csharp

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Tilemaps;

public class TilePainter : MonoBehaviour
{
    [SerializeField] private Tilemap tilemap;   // 赋值目标Tilemap
    [SerializeField] private TileBase groundTile;

    // 世界位置 -> 单元格，然后放置瓦片
    public void PaintAt(Vector3 worldPos)
    {
        Vector3Int cell = tilemap.WorldToCell(worldPos);
        tilemap.SetTile(cell, groundTile);
    }

    public bool IsSolid(Vector3 worldPos)
        => tilemap.GetTile(tilemap.WorldToCell(worldPos)) != null;
}

2. Bulk fill a region (faster than per-cell

SetTile

)

2. 批量填充区域（比逐个单元格调用

SetTile

更快）

csharp

// SetTilesBlock writes a whole BoundsInt in one call — use it for procedural rooms/floors.
public void FillFloor(Tilemap map, TileBase tile, int width, int height)
{
    var bounds = new BoundsInt(0, 0, 0, width, height, 1);
    var tiles  = new TileBase[width * height];
    for (int i = 0; i < tiles.Length; i++) tiles[i] = tile;
    map.SetTilesBlock(bounds, tiles);
}

csharp

// SetTilesBlock一次写入整个BoundsInt区域 — 适用于程序化生成房间/地板
public void FillFloor(Tilemap map, TileBase tile, int width, int height)
{
    var bounds = new BoundsInt(0, 0, 0, width, height, 1);
    var tiles  = new TileBase[width * height];
    for (int i = 0; i < tiles.Length; i++) tiles[i] = tile;
    map.SetTilesBlock(bounds, tiles);
}

3. Clearing and refreshing

3. 清除与刷新

csharp

tilemap.SetTile(cell, null);   // null erases the tile at that cell
tilemap.RefreshTile(cell);     // re-evaluate just this cell's rule/animated neighbors (cheap)
// RefreshAllTiles() re-evaluates the ENTIRE map — reserve it for full regenerations, not per-edit.

csharp

tilemap.SetTile(cell, null);   // 传入null会清除该单元格的瓦片
tilemap.RefreshTile(cell);     // 仅重新计算该单元格的规则/动画邻居（性能开销低）
// RefreshAllTiles()会重新计算整个地图 — 仅在完全重新生成地图时使用，不要在每次编辑后调用。

Pitfalls

常见陷阱

RuleTile
type not found — it's not built in. Install the 2D Tilemap Extras package (
```
com.unity.2d.tilemap.extras
```
) via Package Manager.
A collider per tile tanks performance / leaves seams — add a
```
CompositeCollider2D
```
with a static
```
Rigidbody2D
```
and Used By Composite to merge the whole layer into one smooth shape.
Confusing world and cell coordinates —
```
SetTile
```
/
```
GetTile
```
take a
```
Vector3Int
```
cell, not a world position. Always convert with
```
WorldToCell
```
/
```
CellToWorld
```
.
Tiles render behind/in front of sprites unexpectedly — set each
```
TilemapRenderer
```
's Sorting Layer and Order in Layer; multiple tilemaps need explicit ordering.
Rule/animated tiles don't update after script edits — refresh after writes, but prefer the targeted
```
RefreshTile(cell)
```
for a few edits;
```
RefreshAllTiles()
```
re-evaluates every tile on the map and stalls large levels. Reserve the full refresh for whole-map regenerations.
Painting onto the wrong layer — the active target Tilemap in the Tile Palette determines where paint lands; check the "Active Tilemap" dropdown.

找不到
RuleTile
类型 — 该类型并非内置。需通过Package Manager安装2D Tilemap Extras包（
```
com.unity.2d.tilemap.extras
```
）。
每个瓦片一个碰撞器会导致性能下降/存在间隙 — 添加带静态
```
Rigidbody2D
```
的
```
CompositeCollider2D
```
，并启用_Used By Composite_，将整个图层合并为一个平滑的碰撞形状。
混淆世界坐标与单元格坐标 —
```
SetTile
```
/
```
GetTile
```
接收的是
```
Vector3Int
```
类型的_单元格_坐标，而非世界位置。务必使用
```
WorldToCell
```
/
```
CellToWorld
```
进行转换。
瓦片渲染在精灵前后位置异常 — 设置每个
```
TilemapRenderer
```
的Sorting Layer和Order in Layer；多个tilemap需明确设置排序顺序。
脚本编辑后规则/动画瓦片未更新 — 写入后需进行刷新，少量编辑时优先使用针对性的
```
RefreshTile(cell)
```
；
```
RefreshAllTiles()
```
会重新计算地图上的所有瓦片，在大型关卡中会造成卡顿。仅在完全重新生成地图时使用全量刷新。
绘制到错误图层 — Tile Palette中激活的目标Tilemap决定了绘制位置；请检查“Active Tilemap”下拉菜单。

References

参考资料

Primary docs: Unity Manual "Tilemaps" (

https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/tilemaps/work-with-tilemaps/tilemap-reference.html

ScriptReference/Tilemaps.Tilemap

, and the 2D Tilemap Extras package manual (

https://docs.unity3d.com/Packages/com.unity.2d.tilemap.extras@1.6/manual/index.html

) for Rule Tiles.

主要文档：Unity手册《Tilemaps》（

https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/tilemaps/work-with-tilemaps/tilemap-reference.html

）、

ScriptReference/Tilemaps.Tilemap

，以及Rule Tiles相关的2D Tilemap Extras包手册（

https://docs.unity3d.com/Packages/com.unity.2d.tilemap.extras@1.6/manual/index.html

）。

unity-tilemap-2d

Original

Translation

Unity 2D Tilemap

Unity 2D 瓦片地图

When to use

适用场景

Core workflow

核心工作流程

Patterns

模式示例

1. Painting tiles at runtime (cell coordinates)

1. 运行时绘制瓦片（单元格坐标）

2. Bulk fill a region (faster than per-cell
`SetTile`
)

2. 批量填充区域（比逐个单元格调用
`SetTile`
更快）

3. Clearing and refreshing

3. 清除与刷新

Pitfalls

常见陷阱

References

参考资料

Related skills

相关技能

unity-tilemap-2d

Original

Translation

Unity 2D Tilemap

Unity 2D 瓦片地图

When to use

适用场景

Core workflow

核心工作流程

Patterns

模式示例

1. Painting tiles at runtime (cell coordinates)

1. 运行时绘制瓦片（单元格坐标）

2. Bulk fill a region (faster than per-cell SetTile)

2. 批量填充区域（比逐个单元格调用SetTile更快）

3. Clearing and refreshing

3. 清除与刷新

Pitfalls

常见陷阱

References

参考资料

Related skills

相关技能

2. Bulk fill a region (faster than per-cell
`SetTile`
)

2. 批量填充区域（比逐个单元格调用
`SetTile`
更快）