Cloud SQL Basics

Prerequisites

roles/cloudsql.admin

Quick Start (PostgreSQL)

1. Enable the API:
   bash

   gcloud services enable sqladmin.googleapis.com

2. Create an Instance:
   bash

   gcloud sql instances create INSTANCE_NAME \
     --database-version=POSTGRES_18 \
     --cpu=2 \
     --memory=7680MiB \
     --region=REGION

3. Set a password for the default user:
   Because this is a Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instance, the default admin user is

   postgres

   :
   bash

   gcloud sql users set-password postgres \
     --instance=INSTANCE_NAME --password=PASSWORD

4. Create a database:
   bash

   gcloud sql databases create DATABASE_NAME \
     --instance=INSTANCE_NAME

5. Get the instance connection name:
   You need the instance connection name (which is formatted as

   PROJECT_ID:REGION:INSTANCE_NAME

   ) to connect using the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy. Retrieve it with the following command:
   bash

   gcloud sql instances describe INSTANCE_NAME \
     --format="value(connectionName)"

6. Connect to the instance:
   The Cloud SQL Auth Proxy must be running to be able to connect to the instance. In a separate terminal, start the proxy using the connection name:
   bash

   ./cloud-sql-proxy INSTANCE_CONNECTION_NAME

   With the proxy running, connect using

   psql

   in another terminal:
   bash

   psql "host=127.0.0.1 port=5432 user=postgres dbname=DATABASE_NAME password=PASSWORD sslmode=disable"

Reference Directory

• Core Concepts: Instance architecture, high availability (HA), and supported database engines.
• CLI Usage: Essential

  gcloud sql

  commands for instance, database, and user management.
• Client Libraries & Connectors: Connecting to Cloud SQL using Python, Java, Node.js, and Go.
• MCP Usage: Using the Cloud SQL remote MCP server and Gemini CLI extension.
• Infrastructure as Code: Terraform configuration for instances, databases, and users.
• IAM & Security: Predefined roles, SSL/TLS certificates, and Auth Proxy configuration.

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