321-frameworks-spring-boot-testing-unit-tests

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Spring Boot Unit Testing with Mockito

使用Mockito进行Spring Boot单元测试

Apply Spring Boot unit testing guidelines with Mockito.

What is covered in this Skill?

Pure unit tests: @ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class), @Mock, @InjectMocks for @Service/@Component (no Spring context)
Slice tests: @WebMvcTest, @MockitoBean for controllers (Spring Boot 4.0.x — @MockBean removed)
@JsonTest for JSON serialization with correct JSON value assertions (extractingJsonPathStringValue, etc.)
Parameterized tests: @ParameterizedTest with @CsvSource or @MethodSource over copy-pasted methods
Java records for domain objects in tests
@TestConfiguration, @ActiveProfiles, @Primary fixed-clock beans for deterministic test setup
Modern mocking API: @MockitoBean / @MockitoSpyBean; @MockBean/@SpyBean are deprecated/removed in Boot 4.0.x

Scope: Apply recommendations based on the reference rules and good/bad code examples. For integration tests use @322-frameworks-spring-boot-testing-integration-tests.

遵循使用Mockito的Spring Boot单元测试指南。

本技能涵盖哪些内容？

纯单元测试：使用@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)、@Mock、@InjectMocks为@Service/@Component编写测试（无需Spring上下文）
切片测试：使用@WebMvcTest、@MockitoBean为控制器编写测试（Spring Boot 4.0.x 版本中@MockBean已被移除）
@JsonTest：用于JSON序列化测试，包含正确的JSON值断言（如extractingJsonPathStringValue等）
参数化测试：使用@ParameterizedTest搭配@CsvSource或@MethodSource，替代复制粘贴的方法
测试中的Java records领域对象
@TestConfiguration、@ActiveProfiles、@Primary固定时钟Bean，用于实现可确定的测试设置
现代Mocking API：@MockitoBean / @MockitoSpyBean；在Boot 4.0.x版本中@MockBean/@SpyBean已被弃用/移除

适用范围：根据参考规则和代码示例（优/劣）应用建议。如果是集成测试，请使用@322-frameworks-spring-boot-testing-integration-tests。

Constraints

约束条件

Before applying any test changes, ensure the project compiles. If compilation fails, stop immediately. After applying improvements, run full verification.

MANDATORY: Run
```
./mvnw compile
```
or
```
mvn compile
```
before applying any change
SAFETY: If compilation fails, stop immediately
VERIFY: Run
```
./mvnw clean verify
```
or
```
mvn clean verify
```
after applying improvements
BEFORE APPLYING: Read the reference for detailed rules and good/bad patterns

在应用任何测试变更之前，确保项目可以编译。如果编译失败，请立即停止。应用改进后，运行完整验证。

强制要求：在应用任何变更前运行
```
./mvnw compile
```
或
```
mvn compile
```
安全提示：如果编译失败，立即停止
验证：应用改进后运行
```
./mvnw clean verify
```
或
```
mvn clean verify
```
应用前须知：阅读参考文档以了解详细规则和优/劣模式示例

When to use this skill

何时使用本技能

Review Java code for Spring Boot unit tests
Apply best practices for Spring Boot unit tests in Java code

审核Spring Boot单元测试的Java代码
在Java代码中应用Spring Boot单元测试的最佳实践

Reference

参考资料

For detailed guidance, examples, and constraints, see references/321-frameworks-spring-boot-testing-unit-tests.md.

如需详细指导、示例和约束条件，请查看references/321-frameworks-spring-boot-testing-unit-tests.md。