Computational Geometry with Shapely

基于Shapely的计算几何

When to Use

适用场景

Creating geometric shapes (points, lines, polygons)
Boolean operations (intersection, union, difference)
Spatial predicates (contains, intersects, within)
Measurements (area, length, distance, centroid)
Geometry transformations (translate, rotate, scale)
Validating and fixing invalid geometries

创建几何图形（点、线、多边形）
布尔运算（交集、并集、差集）
空间关系判断（包含、相交、在内部）
测量（面积、长度、距离、质心）
几何变换（平移、旋转、缩放）
验证与修复无效几何图形

Quick Reference

速查指南

I want to...	Command	Example
Create geometry	`create`	`create polygon --coords "0,0 1,0 1,1 0,1"`
Intersection	`op intersection`	`op intersection --g1 "POLYGON(...)" --g2 "POLYGON(...)"`
Check contains	`pred contains`	`pred contains --g1 "POLYGON(...)" --g2 "POINT(0.5 0.5)"`
Calculate area	`measure area`	`measure area --geom "POLYGON(...)"`
Distance	`distance`	`distance --g1 "POINT(0 0)" --g2 "POINT(3 4)"`
Transform	`transform translate`	`transform translate --geom "..." --params "1,2"`
Validate	`validate`	`validate --geom "POLYGON(...)"`

我想要...	命令	示例
创建几何图形	`create`	`create polygon --coords "0,0 1,0 1,1 0,1"`
求交集	`op intersection`	`op intersection --g1 "POLYGON(...)" --g2 "POLYGON(...)"`
检查包含关系	`pred contains`	`pred contains --g1 "POLYGON(...)" --g2 "POINT(0.5 0.5)"`
计算面积	`measure area`	`measure area --geom "POLYGON(...)"`
计算距离	`distance`	`distance --g1 "POINT(0 0)" --g2 "POINT(3 4)"`
变换图形	`transform translate`	`transform translate --geom "..." --params "1,2"`
验证有效性	`validate`	`validate --geom "POLYGON(...)"`

Commands

命令说明

create

Create geometric objects from coordinates.

bash

undefined

从坐标创建几何对象。

bash

undefined

Point

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py create point --coords "1,2"

Line (2+ points)

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py create line --coords "0,0 1,1 2,0"

Polygon (3+ points, auto-closes)

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py create polygon --coords "0,0 1,0 1,1 0,1"

Polygon with hole

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py create polygon --coords "0,0 10,0 10,10 0,10" --holes "2,2 8,2 8,8 2,8"

MultiPoint

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py create multipoint --coords "0,0 1,1 2,2"

MultiLineString (pipe-separated lines)

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py create multilinestring --coords "0,0 1,1|2,2 3,3"

MultiPolygon (pipe-separated polygons)

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py create multipolygon --coords "0,0 1,0 1,1 0,1|2,2 3,2 3,3 2,3"

undefined

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py create multipolygon --coords "0,0 1,0 1,1 0,1|2,2 3,2 3,3 2,3"

undefined

op (operations)

Boolean geometry operations.

bash

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几何布尔运算。

bash

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Intersection of two polygons

两个多边形的交集

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py op intersection
--g1 "POLYGON((0 0,2 0,2 2,0 2,0 0))"
--g2 "POLYGON((1 1,3 1,3 3,1 3,1 1))"

Union

并集

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py op union --g1 "POLYGON(...)" --g2 "POLYGON(...)"

Difference (g1 - g2)

差集（g1 - g2）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py op difference --g1 "POLYGON(...)" --g2 "POLYGON(...)"

Symmetric difference (XOR)

对称差集（异或）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py op symmetric_difference --g1 "..." --g2 "..."

Buffer (expand/erode)

缓冲（扩展/侵蚀）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py op buffer --g1 "POINT(0 0)" --g2 "1.5"

Convex hull

凸包

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py op convex_hull --g1 "MULTIPOINT((0 0),(1 1),(0 2),(2 0))"

Envelope (bounding box)

外包矩形（边界框）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py op envelope --g1 "POLYGON(...)"

Simplify (reduce points)

简化（减少点数）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py op simplify --g1 "LINESTRING(...)" --g2 "0.5"

undefined

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py op simplify --g1 "LINESTRING(...)" --g2 "0.5"

undefined

pred (predicates)

Spatial relationship tests (returns boolean).

bash

undefined

空间关系测试（返回布尔值）。

bash

undefined

Does polygon contain point?

多边形是否包含点？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred contains
--g1 "POLYGON((0 0,2 0,2 2,0 2,0 0))"
--g2 "POINT(1 1)"

Do geometries intersect?

几何图形是否相交？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred intersects --g1 "..." --g2 "..."

Is g1 within g2?

g1是否在g2内部？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred within --g1 "POINT(1 1)" --g2 "POLYGON(...)"

Do geometries touch (share boundary)?

几何图形是否相切（共享边界）？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred touches --g1 "..." --g2 "..."

Do geometries cross?

几何图形是否交叉？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred crosses --g1 "LINESTRING(...)" --g2 "LINESTRING(...)"

Are geometries disjoint (no intersection)?

几何图形是否不相交？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred disjoint --g1 "..." --g2 "..."

Do geometries overlap?

几何图形是否重叠？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred overlaps --g1 "..." --g2 "..."

Are geometries equal?

几何图形是否相等？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred equals --g1 "..." --g2 "..."

Does g1 cover g2?

g1是否覆盖g2？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred covers --g1 "..." --g2 "..."

Is g1 covered by g2?

g1是否被g2覆盖？

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred covered_by --g1 "..." --g2 "..."

undefined

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py pred covered_by --g1 "..." --g2 "..."

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measure

Geometric measurements.

bash

undefined

几何测量。

bash

undefined

Area (polygons)

面积（多边形）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py measure area --geom "POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,0 1,0 0))"

Length (lines, polygon perimeter)

长度（线、多边形周长）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py measure length --geom "LINESTRING(0 0,3 4)"

Centroid

质心

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py measure centroid --geom "POLYGON((0 0,2 0,2 2,0 2,0 0))"

Bounds (minx, miny, maxx, maxy)

边界范围（minx, miny, maxx, maxy）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py measure bounds --geom "POLYGON(...)"

Exterior ring (polygon only)

外环（仅适用于多边形）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py measure exterior_ring --geom "POLYGON(...)"

All measurements at once

一次性获取所有测量值

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py measure all --geom "POLYGON((0 0,2 0,2 2,0 2,0 0))"

undefined

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py measure all --geom "POLYGON((0 0,2 0,2 2,0 2,0 0))"

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distance

Distance between geometries.

bash

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py distance --g1 "POINT(0 0)" --g2 "POINT(3 4)"

几何图形之间的距离。

bash

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py distance --g1 "POINT(0 0)" --g2 "POINT(3 4)"

Returns: {"distance": 5.0, "g1_type": "Point", "g2_type": "Point"}

返回: {"distance": 5.0, "g1_type": "Point", "g2_type": "Point"}

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transform

Affine transformations.

bash

undefined

仿射变换。

bash

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Translate (move)

平移（移动）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py transform translate
--geom "POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,0 1,0 0))" --params "5,10"

params: dx,dy or dx,dy,dz

params: dx,dy 或 dx,dy,dz

Rotate (degrees, around centroid by default)

旋转（角度，默认围绕质心）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py transform rotate
--geom "POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,0 1,0 0))" --params "45"

params: angle or angle,origin_x,origin_y

params: 角度或角度,origin_x,origin_y

Scale (from centroid by default)

缩放（默认围绕质心）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py transform scale
--geom "POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,0 1,0 0))" --params "2,2"

params: sx,sy or sx,sy,origin_x,origin_y

params: sx,sy 或 sx,sy,origin_x,origin_y

Skew

斜切

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py transform skew
--geom "POLYGON(...)" --params "15,0"

params: xs,ys (degrees)

params: xs,ys（角度）

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validate / makevalid

Check and fix geometry validity.

bash

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检查并修复几何图形的有效性。

bash

undefined

Check if valid

检查是否有效

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py validate --geom "POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,0 1,0 0))"

Returns: {"is_valid": true, "type": "Polygon", ...}

返回: {"is_valid": true, "type": "Polygon", ...}

Fix invalid geometry (self-intersecting, etc.)

修复无效几何图形（自相交等问题）

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py makevalid --geom "POLYGON((0 0,2 2,2 0,0 2,0 0))"

undefined

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py makevalid --geom "POLYGON((0 0,2 2,2 0,0 2,0 0))"

undefined

coords

Extract coordinates from geometry.

bash

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py coords --geom "POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,0 1,0 0))"

从几何图形中提取坐标。

bash

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py coords --geom "POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,0 1,0 0))"

Returns: {"coords": [[0,0],[1,0],[1,1],[0,1],[0,0]], "type": "Polygon"}

返回: {"coords": [[0,0],[1,0],[1,1],[0,1],[0,0]], "type": "Polygon"}

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fromwkt

Parse WKT and get geometry information.

bash

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py fromwkt "POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,0 1,0 0))"

解析WKT并获取几何图形信息。

bash

uv run python scripts/shapely_compute.py fromwkt "POLYGON((0 0,1 0,1 1,0 1,0 0))"

Returns: {"type": "Polygon", "bounds": [...], "area": 1.0, ...}

返回: {"type": "Polygon", "bounds": [...], "area": 1.0, ...}

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Geometry Types

几何类型

```
point
```
- Single coordinate (x, y) or (x, y, z)
```
line
```
/
```
linestring
```
- Sequence of connected points
```
polygon
```
- Closed shape with optional holes
```
multipoint
```
,
```
multilinestring
```
,
```
multipolygon
```
- Collections

```
point
```
- 单个坐标（x, y）或（x, y, z）
```
line
```
/
```
linestring
```
- 连续点序列
```
polygon
```
- 闭合图形，可包含孔洞
```
multipoint
```
,
```
multilinestring
```
,
```
multipolygon
```
- 集合类型

Input Formats

输入格式

Coordinates string:
```
"0,0 1,0 1,1 0,1"
```
(space-separated x,y pairs)
WKT:
```
"POLYGON((0 0, 1 0, 1 1, 0 1, 0 0))"
```

坐标字符串:
```
"0,0 1,0 1,1 0,1"
```
（空格分隔的x,y对）
WKT:
```
"POLYGON((0 0, 1 0, 1 1, 0 1, 0 0))"
```

Output Format

输出格式

All commands return JSON with:

```
wkt
```
: WKT representation of result geometry
```
type
```
: Geometry type (Point, LineString, Polygon, etc.)
```
bounds
```
: (minx, miny, maxx, maxy)
```
is_valid
```
,
```
is_empty
```
: Validity flags
Measurement-specific fields (area, length, distance, etc.)

所有命令返回JSON格式数据，包含：

```
wkt
```
: 结果几何图形的WKT表示
```
type
```
: 几何类型（Point, LineString, Polygon等）
```
bounds
```
: （minx, miny, maxx, maxy）
```
is_valid
```
,
```
is_empty
```
: 有效性标记
测量相关字段（area, length, distance等）

Common Use Cases

常见使用场景

Use Case	Command
Collision detection	`pred intersects`
Point-in-polygon	`pred contains`
Area calculation	`measure area`
Buffer zones	`op buffer`
Shape combination	`op union`
Shape subtraction	`op difference`
Bounding box	`op envelope` or `measure bounds`
Simplify path	`op simplify`

使用场景	命令
碰撞检测	`pred intersects`
点-in-多边形判断	`pred contains`
面积计算	`measure area`
缓冲区域生成	`op buffer`
图形合并	`op union`
图形裁剪	`op difference`
边界框获取	`op envelope` 或 `measure bounds`
路径简化	`op simplify`

shapely-compute

Original

Translation

Computational Geometry with Shapely

基于Shapely的计算几何

When to Use

适用场景

Quick Reference

速查指南

Commands

命令说明

create

create

Point

Point

Line (2+ points)

Line (2+ points)

Polygon (3+ points, auto-closes)

Polygon (3+ points, auto-closes)

Polygon with hole

Polygon with hole

MultiPoint

MultiPoint

MultiLineString (pipe-separated lines)

MultiLineString (pipe-separated lines)

MultiPolygon (pipe-separated polygons)

MultiPolygon (pipe-separated polygons)

op (operations)

op (operations)

Intersection of two polygons

两个多边形的交集

Union

并集

Difference (g1 - g2)

差集（g1 - g2）

Symmetric difference (XOR)

对称差集（异或）

Buffer (expand/erode)

缓冲（扩展/侵蚀）

Convex hull

凸包

Envelope (bounding box)

外包矩形（边界框）

Simplify (reduce points)

简化（减少点数）

pred (predicates)

pred (predicates)

Does polygon contain point?

多边形是否包含点？

Do geometries intersect?

几何图形是否相交？

Is g1 within g2?

g1是否在g2内部？

Do geometries touch (share boundary)?

几何图形是否相切（共享边界）？

Do geometries cross?

几何图形是否交叉？

Are geometries disjoint (no intersection)?

几何图形是否不相交？

Do geometries overlap?

几何图形是否重叠？

Are geometries equal?

几何图形是否相等？

Does g1 cover g2?

g1是否覆盖g2？

Is g1 covered by g2?

g1是否被g2覆盖？

measure

measure

Area (polygons)

面积（多边形）

Length (lines, polygon perimeter)

长度（线、多边形周长）

Centroid

质心

Bounds (minx, miny, maxx, maxy)

边界范围（minx, miny, maxx, maxy）

Exterior ring (polygon only)

外环（仅适用于多边形）

All measurements at once

params: 角度或角度,origin_x,origin_y