java-spring-boot

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Java Spring Boot Skill

Java Spring Boot 技能

Build production-ready Spring Boot applications with modern best practices.

使用现代最佳实践构建生产级Spring Boot应用程序。

Overview

概述

This skill covers Spring Boot development including REST APIs, security configuration, data access, actuator monitoring, and cloud integration. Follows Spring Boot 3.x patterns with emphasis on production readiness.

本技能涵盖Spring Boot开发的各个方面，包括REST API、安全配置、数据访问、Actuator监控以及云集成。遵循Spring Boot 3.x模式，重点关注生产就绪性。

When to Use This Skill

何时使用本技能

Use when you need to:

Create REST APIs with Spring MVC/WebFlux
Configure Spring Security (OAuth2, JWT)
Set up database access with Spring Data
Enable monitoring with Actuator
Integrate with Spring Cloud

当你需要以下操作时使用：

使用Spring MVC/WebFlux创建REST API
配置Spring Security（OAuth2、JWT）
通过Spring Data设置数据库访问
启用Actuator监控
与Spring Cloud集成

Topics Covered

涵盖主题

Spring Boot Core

Spring Boot 核心

Auto-configuration and starters
Application properties and profiles
Bean lifecycle and configuration
DevTools and hot reload

自动配置（Auto-configuration）与启动器（starters）
应用属性与配置文件（profiles）
Bean生命周期与配置
DevTools与热重载

REST API Development

REST API 开发

@RestController and @RequestMapping
Request/response handling
Validation with Bean Validation
Exception handling with @ControllerAdvice

@RestController与@RequestMapping
请求/响应处理
基于Bean Validation的验证
使用@ControllerAdvice处理异常

Spring Security

SecurityFilterChain configuration
OAuth2 and JWT authentication
Method security (@PreAuthorize)
CORS and CSRF configuration

SecurityFilterChain配置
OAuth2与JWT认证
方法安全（@PreAuthorize）
CORS与CSRF配置

Spring Data JPA

Repository pattern
Query methods and @Query
Pagination and sorting
Auditing and transactions

仓库模式（Repository pattern）
查询方法与@Query
分页与排序
审计与事务

Actuator & Monitoring

Actuator 与监控

Health checks and probes
Metrics with Micrometer
Custom endpoints
Prometheus integration

健康检查与探针
基于Micrometer的指标
自定义端点
Prometheus集成

Quick Reference

快速参考

java

// REST Controller
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/users")
@Validated
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<User> getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
        return userService.findById(id)
            .map(ResponseEntity::ok)
            .orElse(ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
    }

    @PostMapping
    public ResponseEntity<User> createUser(@Valid @RequestBody UserRequest request) {
        User user = userService.create(request);
        URI location = URI.create("/api/users/" + user.getId());
        return ResponseEntity.created(location).body(user);
    }
}

// Security Configuration
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

    @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        return http
            .csrf(csrf -> csrf.disable())
            .sessionManagement(s -> s.sessionCreationPolicy(STATELESS))
            .authorizeHttpRequests(auth -> auth
                .requestMatchers("/actuator/health/**").permitAll()
                .requestMatchers("/api/public/**").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated())
            .oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2.jwt(Customizer.withDefaults()))
            .build();
    }
}

// Exception Handler
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(EntityNotFoundException.class)
    public ProblemDetail handleNotFound(EntityNotFoundException ex) {
        return ProblemDetail.forStatusAndDetail(NOT_FOUND, ex.getMessage());
    }
}

java

// REST Controller
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/users")
@Validated
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<User> getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
        return userService.findById(id)
            .map(ResponseEntity::ok)
            .orElse(ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
    }

    @PostMapping
    public ResponseEntity<User> createUser(@Valid @RequestBody UserRequest request) {
        User user = userService.create(request);
        URI location = URI.create("/api/users/" + user.getId());
        return ResponseEntity.created(location).body(user);
    }
}

// Security Configuration
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

    @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        return http
            .csrf(csrf -> csrf.disable())
            .sessionManagement(s -> s.sessionCreationPolicy(STATELESS))
            .authorizeHttpRequests(auth -> auth
                .requestMatchers("/actuator/health/**").permitAll()
                .requestMatchers("/api/public/**").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated())
            .oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2.jwt(Customizer.withDefaults()))
            .build();
    }
}

// Exception Handler
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(EntityNotFoundException.class)
    public ProblemDetail handleNotFound(EntityNotFoundException ex) {
        return ProblemDetail.forStatusAndDetail(NOT_FOUND, ex.getMessage());
    }
}

Configuration Templates

配置模板

yaml

undefined

yaml

undefined

application.yml

spring: application: name: ${APP_NAME:my-service} profiles: active: ${SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE:local} jpa: open-in-view: false properties: hibernate: jdbc.batch_size: 50

management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: health,info,metrics,prometheus endpoint: health: probes: enabled: true

server: error: include-stacktrace: never

undefined

spring: application: name: ${APP_NAME:my-service} profiles: active: ${SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE:local} jpa: open-in-view: false properties: hibernate: jdbc.batch_size: 50

management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: health,info,metrics,prometheus endpoint: health: probes: enabled: true

server: error: include-stacktrace: never

undefined

Common Patterns

常见模式

Layer Architecture

分层架构

Controller → Service → Repository → Database
     ↓           ↓          ↓
   DTOs      Entities    Entities

Controller → Service → Repository → Database
     ↓           ↓          ↓
   DTOs      Entities    Entities

Validation Patterns

验证模式

java

public record CreateUserRequest(
    @NotBlank @Size(max = 100) String name,
    @Email @NotBlank String email,
    @NotNull @Min(18) Integer age
) {}

java

public record CreateUserRequest(
    @NotBlank @Size(max = 100) String name,
    @Email @NotBlank String email,
    @NotNull @Min(18) Integer age
) {}

Troubleshooting

故障排查

Common Issues

常见问题

Problem	Cause	Solution
Bean not found	Missing @Component	Add annotation or @Bean
Circular dependency	Constructor injection	Use @Lazy or refactor
401 Unauthorized	Security config	Check permitAll paths
Slow startup	Heavy auto-config	Exclude unused starters

问题	原因	解决方案
Bean未找到	缺少@Component	添加注解或@Bean
循环依赖	构造函数注入	使用@Lazy或重构
401未授权	安全配置问题	检查permitAll路径
启动缓慢	繁重的自动配置	排除未使用的启动器

Debug Properties

调试属性

properties

debug=true
logging.level.org.springframework.security=DEBUG
spring.jpa.show-sql=true

properties

debug=true
logging.level.org.springframework.security=DEBUG
spring.jpa.show-sql=true

Debug Checklist

调试检查清单

□ Check /actuator/conditions
□ Verify active profiles
□ Review security filter chain
□ Check bean definitions
□ Test health endpoints

□ 检查/actuator/conditions
□ 验证激活的配置文件
□ 审查安全过滤器链
□ 检查Bean定义
□ 测试健康端点

Usage

使用方法

Skill("java-spring-boot")

Skill("java-spring-boot")

java-spring-boot

Original

Translation

Java Spring Boot Skill

Java Spring Boot 技能

Overview

概述

When to Use This Skill

何时使用本技能

Topics Covered

涵盖主题

Spring Boot Core

Spring Boot 核心

REST API Development

REST API 开发

Spring Security

Spring Security

Spring Data JPA

Spring Data JPA

Actuator & Monitoring

Actuator 与监控

Quick Reference

快速参考

Configuration Templates

配置模板

application.yml

application.yml

Common Patterns

常见模式

Layer Architecture

分层架构

Validation Patterns

验证模式

Troubleshooting

故障排查

Common Issues

常见问题

Debug Properties

调试属性

Debug Checklist

调试检查清单

Usage

使用方法

Related Skills

相关技能