rails-testing-rspec

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Rails Testing with RSpec

基于RSpec的Rails测试

Build comprehensive test suites using RSpec and FactoryBot. This skill covers spec structure, factories, mocking, and testing best practices.

使用RSpec和FactoryBot构建全面的测试套件。本技能涵盖测试用例结构、工厂、Mocking以及测试最佳实践。

Quick Start

快速开始

Add to Gemfile:

ruby

group :test do
  gem 'rspec-rails'
  gem 'factory_bot_rails'
  gem 'faker'
end

Generate RSpec install:

bash

rails generate rspec:install

Write a test:

ruby

require 'rails_helper'

RSpec.describe User, type: :model do
  describe 'validations' do
    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:email) }
    it { is_expected.to validate_uniqueness_of(:email) }
  end
  
  describe '#full_name' do
    it 'returns concatenated first and last name' do
      user = build(:user, first_name: 'John', last_name: 'Doe')
      expect(user.full_name).to eq('John Doe')
    end
  end
end

Run tests:

bash

rspec                    # All specs
rspec spec/models       # Only model specs
rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb:10  # Specific line

添加到Gemfile：

ruby

group :test do
  gem 'rspec-rails'
  gem 'factory_bot_rails'
  gem 'faker'
end

生成RSpec安装文件：

bash

rails generate rspec:install

编写测试用例：

ruby

require 'rails_helper'

RSpec.describe User, type: :model do
  describe 'validations' do
    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:email) }
    it { is_expected.to validate_uniqueness_of(:email) }
  end
  
  describe '#full_name' do
    it 'returns concatenated first and last name' do
      user = build(:user, first_name: 'John', last_name: 'Doe')
      expect(user.full_name).to eq('John Doe')
    end
  end
end

运行测试：

bash

rspec                    # 所有测试用例
rspec spec/models       # 仅模型测试用例
rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb:10  # 特定行

Core Topics

核心主题

RSpec Setup: See rspec-setup.md for configuration, describe blocks, contexts, and common matchers.

Factories: See factories-fixtures.md for FactoryBot setup, defining factories, and sequences.

Mocking: See mocking-stubbing.md for stubbing, mocking, spies, and testing external dependencies.

Patterns: See patterns.md for test organization, DRY specs, and common patterns.

RSpec配置：查看 rspec-setup.md 了解配置、describe块、上下文和常用匹配器。

工厂：查看 factories-fixtures.md 了解FactoryBot配置、定义工厂和序列。

Mocking：查看 mocking-stubbing.md 了解桩（Stub）、Mock、间谍（Spy）以及测试外部依赖。

模式：查看 patterns.md 了解测试组织、DRY测试用例以及常见模式。

Examples

示例

See examples.md for:

Model specs with validations and scopes
Controller/request specs
Integration tests
Testing background jobs

查看 examples.md 获取：

带验证和作用域的模型测试用例
控制器/请求测试用例
集成测试
测试后台任务