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root((Chemistry))
Organic
Functional Groups
Reaction Mechanisms
Nomenclature
Inorganic
Periodic Trends
Coordination Chemistry
Main Group Elements
Physical
Thermodynamics
Kinetics
Equilibrium
Analytical
Titrations
Spectroscopy
Separationsmindmap
root((Chemistry))
Organic
Functional Groups
Reaction Mechanisms
Nomenclature
Inorganic
Periodic Trends
Coordination Chemistry
Main Group Elements
Physical
Thermodynamics
Kinetics
Equilibrium
Analytical
Titrations
Spectroscopy
Separations H H
\ /
C = C
/ \
H H
(Ethene) H H
\ /
C = C
/ \
H H
(Ethene)flowchart LR
A[Substrate] -->|Nucleophile attacks| B[Transition State]
B -->|Leaving group departs| C[Product]flowchart LR
A[Substrate] -->|Nucleophile attacks| B[Transition State]
B -->|Leaving group departs| C[Product]1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶| Type | Formula |
|---|---|
| Strong acid | pH = -log[H⁺] |
| Strong base | pOH = -log[OH⁻], pH = 14 - pOH |
| Weak acid | pH = ½(pKa - log C) |
| Buffer | pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA]) |
| 类型 | 公式 |
|---|---|
| 强酸 | pH = -log[H⁺] |
| 强碱 | pOH = -log[OH⁻], pH = 14 - pOH |
| 弱酸 | pH = ½(pKa - log C) |
| 缓冲溶液 | pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA]) |
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| (aq) | Aqueous solution |
| (s) | Solid |
| (l) | Liquid |
| (g) | Gas |
| ⇌ | Reversible reaction |
| → | Forward reaction |
| Δ | Heat applied |
| ↑ | Gas evolved |
| ↓ | Precipitate formed |
| 符号 | 含义 |
|---|---|
| (aq) | 水溶液 |
| (s) | 固体 |
| (l) | 液体 |
| (g) | 气体 |
| ⇌ | 可逆反应 |
| → | 正向反应 |
| Δ | 加热 |
| ↑ | 气体生成 |
| ↓ | 沉淀生成 |